HONOLULU - The diverse culture of the 50th U.S. state - and the island nature of Hawaii itself - shaped Barack Obama's view of the world and the politics he would practise.
Those who knew him as a child say that view and those politics click with the themes of his Democratic presidential campaign. For Obama, though, Hawaii is even more personal, the place where he picked up basketball and formed his racial identity.
"If you grow up here, where we have no majority and there's a complete ethnic mix, people have learned how to get along with others who look different and are from different places," said longtime family friend Georgia McCauley.
"In Hawaii, because we have a confined space in terms of being an island state, we perhaps have to learn how to co-operate and compromise more," McCauley said. "We learn how to listen to each other and work on things in a positive manner."
Obama was born in Hawaii in'61 to a white mother and a black father who had met in Russian class at the University of Hawaii. He was an island boy most of his first' years, a pudgy kid called Barry who lived in a modest apartment with his grandparents.
His mother's charitable work, his multiethnic friends and the economic gap between his family and his classmates at the island's most prestigious private school - he attended on scholarship - helped forge Obama before he left for college on the mainland.
His father, also named Barack Obama, was a scholarship student from Kenya. His mother, Stanley Ann Dunham, was an'-year-old from Kansas who went on to become an anthropologist and helped set up loans for poor people to start businesses in Indonesia.
Their marriage didn't last long. When Barry was six, he moved to Indonesia, the homeland of his stepfather, Lolo Soetoro, another university student his mother met in Hawaii. Obama was nine when his half-sister, Maya Soetoro-Ng, was born. She now teaches history in a private girls' high school in Honolulu.
Obama's mother sent him back to the islands after four years in Indonesia to live with her parents, Stanley and Madelyn Dunham. His grandfather was a furniture salesman and his grandmother was Bank of Hawaii's first female bank vice-president.
Obama entered the fifth grade at the elite Punahou School, where he was a minority among minorities, an out-of-place boy in a school of the privileged. He enjoyed the lifestyle of an island teen, playing basketball, body surfing and spear-fishing, and he worked at a burger outlet and served on the school literary magazine's editorial board.
Obama has recounted numerous instances when he felt like an outsider, as when a seventh grader called him a "coon." The islands' roughly 49,000 blacks account for less than four per cent of the population.
"Hawaii's spirit of tolerance might not have been perfect or complete. But it was - and is - real," Obama wrote in a'99 essay for the Punahou alumni magazine. "The opportunity that Hawaii offered - to experience a variety of cultures in a climate of mutual respect - became an integral part of my world view, and a basis for the values that I hold most dear."
He left the islands for Occidental College in Los Angeles, then graduated from Columbia University in New York City before taking a church-based community organizing job in Chicago and moving on to Harvard Law School. He returned to Illinois as a civil rights lawyer. When he won the U.S. Senate race in 2004, Hawaii Democrats adopted Obama as the state's "third senator." He continued to make regular visits to be with family and friends, the last in December 2006, as Democrats were urging him to seek the presidency.
"He himself is a child of diversity, and Hawaii gave him that opportunity," said Representative Neil Abercrombie, a Hawaii Democrat who was friends with Obama's family and remembers him as a boy. "He believes diversity defines you, rather than divides you. That's the central message of change he's bringing. It's nothing to be afraid of."
On Friday, Obama planned to fly to the island to visit relatives and relax ahead of the Democratic National Convention at the end of the month.
"I'm going to see my grandma, who I haven't seen in'-19 months," Obama told reporters Thursday. "She's getting to the age where I want to make sure that I'm spending time with her on a consistent basis and so that she can see her great-grandchildren. I want to spend some time with those children as well."
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