B.C. court strikes rule to force foreign-trained doctors to work in remote areas

VANCOUVER – British Columbia’s health minister says the province will tweak the system that attracts doctors to rural communities after a B.C. Supreme Court ruling that the government wasn’t authorized to force medical graduates of programs outside Canada to work in “underserviced” areas. 

Ravi Kahlon says the program is “vitally important” and the province is reviewing the ruling. 

Justice Matthew Kirchner says in the decision posted Friday that the provincial government does not have the legal right to impose its “return to service” requirement on those seeking to apply for residency training from non-Canadian schools.

Graduates of non-Canadian programs are required to sign an agreement to practise in rural or remote locations in B.C., something not required of Canadian medical school graduates. 

The decision stems from petitions by two Canadian citizens who received their medical education abroad and an advocacy group that challenged aspects of the service contracts and the “two-stream system,” where graduates of Canadian schools have more access to residency programs in B.C.

Brian Samuels, who represented the petitioners, said the ruling was a “mixed success,” because the court allowed the two-stream system to remain, but ruled against forcing physicians to work in “underserved remote communities.”

Samuels said if the doctors don’t agree to the contracts they can’t get a position and if they break the agreement, they faced “huge penalties.”

He said he’s still analyzing the judgment to consider if an appeal is warranted. 

The individual petitioners, Oliver Kostanski and Harris Falconer, are Canadian citizens who received their medical training outside of Canada. 

Samuels said the two-stream system being challenged sees nearly all Canadian-trained graduates get residency positions, while only around 20 per cent internationally trained graduates get placements. 

“Even though they’re fully competent and have passed everything and they’re Canadian citizens or permanent residents, they’ll never get to practice medicine in Canada,” he said in an interview on Tuesday. 

He said the return to service contracts forced physicians who studied abroad to practice in underserved communities. 

“If the government is really concerned about getting someone to work in a particular location, they can always give them an incentive. They don’t have to try to force them,” he said. 

The judge found that the requirement imposed by the B.C. Health Ministry to work in remote areas affects a Canadian citizen’s “liberty interest to decide where to live free from government interference.”

He referred the matter back to the ministry to make the changes but suspended the ruling for 60 days to give it time to address the issue, given the decision “may impact on physician availability in remote or underserviced areas of the province.”

“A person’s choice of where to live is a fundamentally personal decision which engages what it means to enjoy individual dignity and independence,” the ruling says.

The decision says penalties for breaching the agreements can reach close to $900,000 for a psychiatry practitioner and $480,000 for a family doctor.

“Through those obligations, the minister compels the (graduates) to practise medicine and live for two or three years in a location determined by the minister and imposes significant financial penalties for breach of that obligation,” the decision says. 

“International Medical Graduates who are fortunate enough to match to one of the available … residency positions have no real option but to accept that position with the accompanying requirement to commit to the return of service obligations.” 

Kahlon said at a news conference in Vancouver on Tuesday that most physicians recruited to work in rural communities have met the time commitments under the contracts. 

He said the province is reviewing the court’s ruling and “we will make adjustments if we need to, whether it’s legislation, whether that’s in rules.”

“This program is critically important for us to be able to continue to attract health care workers in rural communities,” he said. “We’re going to continue to move forward in that direction.” 

This report by The Canadian Press was first published Sept. 15, 2026.