Social Studies Grade 11: History of Canada

Please review each article prior to use: grade-level applicability and curricular alignment might not be obvious from the headline alone.

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Churchill’s future has looked bright in the past, then politics dimmed the lights

Dan Lett 5 minute read Preview
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Churchill’s future has looked bright in the past, then politics dimmed the lights

Dan Lett 5 minute read Monday, Nov. 24, 2025

The future of the often-troubled and chronically overlooked Port of Churchill and Hudson Bay railway looks exceedingly bright.

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Monday, Nov. 24, 2025

SUPPLIED

A more comprehensive strategy for the Port of Churchill is expected to be unveiled next spring.

SUPPLIED
                                A more comprehensive strategy for the Port of Churchill is expected to be unveiled next spring.
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First Nations sue over oil-rich land

Tyler Searle 4 minute read Preview
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First Nations sue over oil-rich land

Tyler Searle 4 minute read Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025

A pair of First Nations are suing the provincial and federal governments, claiming land and mineral rights to a swath of land in southwestern Manitoba that generates more than $1.3 billion annually from oil and gas production.

Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation and Dakota Tipi First Nation filed a statement of claim in Court of King’s Bench on Thursday calling for a declaration of title and subsurface rights over Manitoba’s portion of the Williston Basin.

The oil-rich basin stretches from southwestern Manitoba into southern Saskatchewan and over the U.S. border. The Manitoba portion hosts at least 14 identified oil fields and is home to all the current oil production in the province, the lawsuit states.

The plaintiffs are claiming rights over the entirety of the basin in Manitoba, including the “right to economically participate in the extraction, development and production of subsurface minerals.”

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Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025

ERIC GAY / THE ASSOCIATED PRESS FILES

Oil pump jacks work in unison on a foggy morning in Williston, N.D. The oil field crosses the border into Manitoba and two First Nations are taking the province and feds to court over land and mineral rights claim in the southwest corner of the province.

Eric Gay / The Associated Press files 
Oil pump jacks work in unison on a foggy morning in Williston, N.D. High crude prices catapulted North Dakota into the top tier of the global oil market and helped double or triple the size of once-sleepy towns that suddenly had to accommodate a small army of petroleum workers. But now that those prices have tumbled, the shifting oil market threatens to put the industry and local governments on a collision course.
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Un programme qui ouvre la voie

Hugo Beaucamp 5 minute read Preview
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Un programme qui ouvre la voie

Hugo Beaucamp 5 minute read Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025

À 5 ans, Éléonore découvre la natation synchronisée… dans sa langue maternelle. Grâce à la détermination de sa mère et à l’engagement de deux jeunes entraîneuses francophones, un tout nouveau programme voit le jour au club Aquatica. Une petite victoire pour la francophonie et pour l’inclusion dans le sport.

Âgée de cinq ans, la petite Éléonore se rend à la pratique de natation artistique tous les mardis après-midi. Grâce à la détermination de sa mère et de ses entraineuses, elle apprend sa discipline dans sa langue maternelle, le français.

“Elle adore danser, elle adore la musique et l’eau,” nous dit sa maman, Geneviève Roy-Wsiaki. “Ça fait des années que je me dis qu’elle adorerait la nage synchronisée.”

Le choix de l’activité s’est donc imposé naturellement. Mais avant qu’Éléonore puisse se lancer à l’eau, il fallait régler un détail.

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Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025

Marta Guerrero photo

‘Enseigner en français c’est un moyen de montrer ta fiertéd’etre francophone,’ dit Chloé Gosselin (à droite) avec sa soeur Calla (à gauche), et leur élève Éléonore.

Marta Guerrero photo
                                ‘Enseigner en français c’est un moyen de montrer ta fiertéd’etre francophone,’ dit Chloé Gosselin (à droite) avec sa soeur Calla (à gauche), et leur élève Éléonore.
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Senators amend legislation to make it easier to pass on First Nations status

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview
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Senators amend legislation to make it easier to pass on First Nations status

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025

OTTAWA - Senators have passed sweeping amendments to a bill that would simplify the transfer of First Nations status between generations, rejecting the federal government's advice to limit its scope.

Bill S-2, introduced in the Senate with support by the Liberal government, was drafted to eliminate some gender inequities in the Indian Act and allow some 6,000 people to become eligible for First Nations status.

Some senators and Indigenous community leaders said the bill didn't go far enough.

On Tuesday, senators changed the legislation to eliminate what is known as the "second-generation cutoff," opting instead for a one-parent rule that would allow First Nations status to be transferred to a child if one of their parents is enrolled.

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Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025

Sen. Paul Prosper speaks during a plenary session on economic reconciliation the first day of the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) Special Chiefs Assembly in Ottawa, on Tuesday, Dec. 3, 2024. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby

Sen. Paul Prosper speaks during a plenary session on economic reconciliation the first day of the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) Special Chiefs Assembly in Ottawa, on Tuesday, Dec. 3, 2024. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby
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Carré civique, le soutien générationnel

Jonathan Semah 6 minute read Preview
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Carré civique, le soutien générationnel

Jonathan Semah 6 minute read Saturday, Nov. 15, 2025

Je donne en famille consiste à lever des fonds pour l’avenir du carré civique. La particularité de ce soutien c’est qu’il implique différentes générations, notamment les plus jeunes qui peuvent parfois se sentir éloignés des sujets liés au patrimoine.

David Dandeneau tente de partager son engagement à tous et à différentes générations.

Le membre du conseil d’administration des Ami.e.s du Carré civique de Saint-Boniface (ACCSB) a eu l’idée de lever des fonds pour notamment assurer des dépenses opérationnelles et à terme préparer également le processus d’appel d’offres que s’apprête à lancer la Ville de Winnipeg.

C’est à travers l’ACCSB, qui a reçu le statut officiel d’organisme de bienfaisance et peut donc recevoir des dons depuis mars 2022, que le monde pourra donner ponctuellement pour cette campagne.

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Saturday, Nov. 15, 2025

Marta Guerrero photo

Bintou Sacko (à gauche) et David Dandeneau

Marta Guerrero photo
                                Bintou Sacko (à gauche) et David Dandeneau
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How Canada can regain its measles elimination status

Nicole Ireland and Hannah Alberga, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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How Canada can regain its measles elimination status

Nicole Ireland and Hannah Alberga, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Wednesday, Nov. 12, 2025

TORONTO - Infectious disease experts say Canada's loss of measles elimination status shows how badly investment is needed in public health, rebuilding vaccine confidence and solving the primary care crisis.

On Monday, the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) revoked the measles-free status Canada has had since 1998 because an outbreak of the virus across several provinces has lasted for more than a year.

Dawn Bowdish, an immunologist and professor at McMaster University, said cuts to public health funding, the lack of a national vaccine registry and a shortage of family doctors — all while misinformation about vaccines is circulating widely — have contributed to the rise of measles.

"There's no two ways about this. This will take money — a lot of money — and a lot of investment. And it will take a lot of political will," Bowdish said

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Wednesday, Nov. 12, 2025

A vial of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine is pictured at the Taber Community Health Centre in Taber, Alta., Monday, July 28, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh

A vial of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine is pictured at the Taber Community Health Centre in Taber, Alta., Monday, July 28, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh
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Our monuments, statues and memorials give form to honouring, grieving lives lost in war

Kevin Rollason 14 minute read Preview
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Our monuments, statues and memorials give form to honouring, grieving lives lost in war

Kevin Rollason 14 minute read Saturday, Nov. 8, 2025

Tucked at the end of a walkway, which dead-ends between the University Centre and the Helen Glass Centre for Nursing on the University of Manitoba campus, stands a monument in memory of students who never returned from the First World War.

Carved from local Tyndall stone and at just over a metre high, it commemorates the 30 medical students, from both the Manitoba Agricultural College, which later became part of the University of Manitoba, and other universities across the western provinces, who were killed while serving with the 11th Canadian Field Ambulance.

It’s just one of several monuments at the university marking student sacrifices during the First World War and one of many markers — from cenotaphs to statues and even lakes — across the province commemorating Manitobans who have served in conflicts since the province was created in 1870.

Many of those monuments are either hidden or in hard-to-find places. Even veterans from the Second World War — who not so long ago were part of marching parades and outdoor services marking Remembrance Day — are mostly tucked away living the remaining days of their lives in personal care homes.

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Saturday, Nov. 8, 2025

The 11th Canadian Field Ambulance War Memorial lists the names of 30 university students who died during the First World War. (Brook Jones / Free Press)

The 11th Canadian Field Ambulance War Memorial lists the names of 30 university students who died during the First World War. (Brook Jones / Free Press)
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Indigenous veterans prepare to ‘recognize our own’ on official day

Scott Billeck 4 minute read Preview
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Indigenous veterans prepare to ‘recognize our own’ on official day

Scott Billeck 4 minute read Friday, Nov. 7, 2025

When the Canadian Armed Forces issued a formal apology for the abuses inflicted on Indigenous service members, Jack Park said it hit home.

He was deeply moved when the Indigenous Veterans Day Act — making Nov. 8 the official day to honour Indigenous veterans in Manitoba — was granted royal assent and became law.

“It was so well-received,” Park said on Friday as he prepared for the fourth annual Indigenous Veterans Day ceremony to honour Red River Métis veterans, which will take place on Saturday on Lac du Bonnet.

“I can tell you as an Indigenous person serving, it wasn’t a good thing to be me. They knew we were a different breed, I guess you could say, and they picked on that. The abuse was real. It was absolutely real. When I got out of the armed forces, I was treated like a regular Canadian citizen again. It was a welcome relief to come out of there.”

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Friday, Nov. 7, 2025

Daniel Crump / Free Press Files

The Indigenous Veterans Day Act marks November 8 as the official day to honour Indigenous veterans in Manitoba.

Daniel Crump / Free Press Files
                                The Indigenous Veterans Day Act marks November 8 as the official day to honour Indigenous veterans in Manitoba.
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Decades-long fight to repeal discriminatory second-generation cut-off rekindled on Parliament Hill

Marsha McLeod 9 minute read Preview
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Decades-long fight to repeal discriminatory second-generation cut-off rekindled on Parliament Hill

Marsha McLeod 9 minute read Friday, Oct. 31, 2025

First Nations women who’ve spent a lifetime fighting for the right to belong in their own communities have been again travelling to Parliament Hill this fall, repeating their calls for change and their wish: for their children and grandchildren not to be excluded as they were.

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Friday, Oct. 31, 2025

Minister of Indigenous Services Mandy Gull-Masty speaks during a press conference in Ottawa, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby

Minister of Indigenous Services Mandy Gull-Masty speaks during a press conference in Ottawa, on Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby
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Winnipeg MP’s private member’s bill would make residential school denialism a crime

Free Press staff 3 minute read Preview
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Winnipeg MP’s private member’s bill would make residential school denialism a crime

Free Press staff 3 minute read Friday, Oct. 31, 2025

Manitoba New Democrat MP Leah Gazan reintroduced a private member’s bill Friday that would criminalize residential school denialism, saying “real action” is needed to combat rising anti-Indigenous hate.

Bill C-254, if passed, would amend the Criminal Code to include the promotion of hatred against Indigenous Peoples by “condoning, denying, downplaying or justifying the Indian residential school system.”

“We cannot ignore the obvious, that residential school denialism is simply an act of inciting hate against Indigenous people,” Gazan, the MP for Winnipeg Centre, said in a news release.

“Members of Parliament must act immediately to uphold their safety, and I urge all my parliamentary colleagues to protect survivors and families by supporting this bill.”

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Friday, Oct. 31, 2025

Adrian Wyld / The Canadian Press files

Manitoba New Democrat MP Leah Gazan

Adrian Wyld / The Canadian Press files
                                Manitoba New Democrat MP Leah Gazan
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A century later, Ukrainian church still helping new Ukrainians

John Longhurst 4 minute read Preview
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A century later, Ukrainian church still helping new Ukrainians

John Longhurst 4 minute read Thursday, Oct. 30, 2025

When it was founded in 1925, St. Mary the Protectress Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral in the North End was a welcoming and helpful place for immigrants seeking new lives in Canada.

As the church celebrates its centennial, it is still welcoming and helping Ukrainians fleeing war in their homeland.

“Helping each other never stops,” Eugene Hyworon, co-chair of the cathedral’s centennial committee, said.

A centennial gala will be held Saturday.

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Thursday, Oct. 30, 2025

SHELDON BIRNIE / COMMUNITY REVIEW

Eugene Hyworon, co-chair of St. Mary the Protectress Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral’s centennial celebration, says the church was surrounded by ‘wilderness’ when it was on the outskirts past city limits.

SHELDON BIRNIE / COMMUNITY REVIEW
                                Eugene Hyworon, co-chair of St. Mary the Protectress Ukrainian Orthodox Cathedral’s centennial celebration, says the church was surrounded by ‘wilderness’ when it was on the outskirts past city limits.
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The road not taken: lowest number of Manitobans in three decades cross border at Pembina in July, August

Chris Kitching 5 minute read Preview
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The road not taken: lowest number of Manitobans in three decades cross border at Pembina in July, August

Chris Kitching 5 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025

Many Manitobans appeared to skip U.S. road trips over the summer as the number of southbound travellers hit at least a 30-year low — excluding COVID-19 pandemic years — at a major border crossing south of Winnipeg.

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Wednesday, Oct. 29, 2025

JOHN WOODS / FREE PRESS FILES

Fewer Canadians are driving across the border into the U.S.

JOHN WOODS / FREE PRESS FILES
                                Fewer Canadians are driving across the border into the U.S.
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On second anniversary of Oct. 7 attacks and start of Gaza war, officers say rushing to cover painful vandalism reduces odds of arrests

Kevin Rollason 8 minute read Preview
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On second anniversary of Oct. 7 attacks and start of Gaza war, officers say rushing to cover painful vandalism reduces odds of arrests

Kevin Rollason 8 minute read Tuesday, Oct. 7, 2025

A swastika on a monument to French Canadian author Gabrielle Roy across the Red River from the Canadian Museum for Human Rights.

The words “F—k Jews” on the wall of a toilet stall at a north Winnipeg middle school.

A spray-painted swastika on a garage door along with the initials M.K.Y., an international neo-Nazi violent extremist group. The initials come from the Russian words for “Maniac Murder Cult.”

But as fast as they appeared, they were being covered up just as quickly — until recently.

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Tuesday, Oct. 7, 2025

JOHN WOODS / FREE PRESS
Jeff Lieberman, Jewish Federation of Winnipeg president and CEO, is photographed Monday, October 6, 2025 at the Asper Jewish community campus for a story on the alleged increase in anti-semitic graffiti in Winnipeg as the second anniversary of the Oct 7, 2023 Hamas attack approaches.

Reporter: ?

JOHN WOODS / FREE PRESS
Jeff Lieberman, Jewish Federation of Winnipeg president and CEO, is photographed Monday, October 6, 2025 at the Asper Jewish community campus for a story on the alleged increase in anti-semitic graffiti in Winnipeg as the second anniversary of the Oct 7, 2023 Hamas attack approaches. 

Reporter: ?
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Enjoying a slice of Life from 1936

Pam Frampton 5 minute read Preview
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Enjoying a slice of Life from 1936

Pam Frampton 5 minute read Wednesday, Aug. 20, 2025

My husband came home from an antique store the other day with a great find: the very first issue of Life magazine to roll off the press.

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Wednesday, Aug. 20, 2025
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As memories fade, Canadians mark 80 years since the end of the Second World War

Kyle Duggan, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview
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As memories fade, Canadians mark 80 years since the end of the Second World War

Kyle Duggan, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

OTTAWA - Relatives of war veterans gathered at the National War Memorial in Ottawa on Friday to mark the 80th anniversary of Japan's surrender and the official end of the Second World War.

Sweat poured down the faces of those assembled in the August midday heat as the Canadian Armed Forces bugler performed the Last Post.

Michael Babin, president of the Hong Kong Veterans Commemorative Association, said there are no living veterans remaining out of the nearly 2,000 Canadians who took part in the Battle of Hong Kong in December 1941.

He said the last known veteran from that fight died a little more than a year and a half ago, at the age of 106.

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

Chief of the Defence Staff Jennie Carignan, centre, salutes after placing a wreath during a ceremony to mark the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Pacific and the end of the Second World War at the National War Memorial in Ottawa on Friday, Aug. 15, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick

Chief of the Defence Staff Jennie Carignan, centre, salutes after placing a wreath during a ceremony to mark the 80th anniversary of the Victory of the Pacific and the end of the Second World War at the National War Memorial in Ottawa on Friday, Aug. 15, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick
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Try out being a tourist at home — in Winnipeg

Brent Bellamy 6 minute read Preview
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Try out being a tourist at home — in Winnipeg

Brent Bellamy 6 minute read Monday, Jul. 28, 2025

Many Canadians and Manitobans are rethinking their travel plans to the United States this summer. We might take this opportunity to become tourists in our own city, rediscovering Winnipeg — a city that is often underappreciated, but one that is truly unique in Canada.

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Monday, Jul. 28, 2025

Brent Bellamy Photo

The Union Bank Tower, Canada’s first skyscraper, the tallest building in the country at its completion.

Brent Bellamy Photo
                                The Union Bank Tower, Canada’s first skyscraper, the tallest building in the country at its completion.
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‘We cannot waste any time’: Anand promises ‘action’ and reform in foreign affairs

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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‘We cannot waste any time’: Anand promises ‘action’ and reform in foreign affairs

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

OTTAWA - Faced with escalating conflict in the Middle East, a collapsing global trade system and a department struggling to reform itself, Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand says she relishes the job of helping Canada navigate a turbulent world.

In a wide-ranging interview Thursday with The Canadian Press, Anand said her experiences in both politics and academia can help her streamline Canada's approach to global issues, allowing it to pursue its interests without losing sight of its values.

"How do you ensure, when you have these large departments, that you're actually able to execute? That is the heart of government. It's the hardest thing to do," Anand said.

"I enjoy difficult responsibilities."

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

Minister of Foreign Affairs Anita Anand arrives for a caucus meeting on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Wednesday, May 28, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick

Minister of Foreign Affairs Anita Anand arrives for a caucus meeting on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Wednesday, May 28, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick
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Christian Monnin, ou la chance d’un esprit de famille

Jonathan Semah 7 minute read Preview
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Christian Monnin, ou la chance d’un esprit de famille

Jonathan Semah 7 minute read Saturday, May. 17, 2025

Christian Monnin a été nommé juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi pour le Manitoba au début du mois de mars, un évènement fortement symbolique au regard de son histoire familiale.

Symbolique, et sûrement unique au Manitoba. Comme son grand-père, Alfred, mais aussi son père, Michel, et également son oncle, Marc, Christian Monnin, ancien président de la Société de la francophonie manitobaine (SFM), est devenu lui aussi juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi.

Si c’est une fonction sur laquelle il serait pour lui difficile de se prononcer en début de carrière, une question s’avère pourtant légitime: le monde dans lequel a grandi Christian Monnin a-t-il pu influer sur ses envies et ses aspirations?

“Il y a d’évidence une question de socialisation, qui s’applique à toutes les familles,” note tout d’abord Christian Monnin. “La première fois que j’ai assisté à une cérémonie d’assermentation, c’était celle de mon grand-père il y a 42 ans, quand il est devenu juge en chef du Manitoba. Je devais avoir 8 ou 9 ans. Ça a été impressionnant, en tant que jeune, de voir cette cérémonie, tout ce monde qui était présent. Je n’ai bien sûr rien décidé à ce moment-là, mais la carrière de juriste a toujours été quelque chose qui mijotait en moi.”

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Saturday, May. 17, 2025

Marta Guerrero photo

Christian Monnin lors de son assermentation en tant que juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi pour le Manitoba.

Marta Guerrero photo
                                Christian Monnin lors de son assermentation en tant que juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi pour le Manitoba.
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Sauver la Maison Hourie, le vote est ouvert

Marie Wielgocki 4 minute read Preview
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Sauver la Maison Hourie, le vote est ouvert

Marie Wielgocki 4 minute read Saturday, Apr. 12, 2025

Organisée par la Fiducie nationale du Canada, la compétition Next Great Save offre un financement et de la visibilité aux lieux historiques menacés partout dans le pays. Cette année, la maison Hourie de Portage-la-Prairie fait partie des douze finalistes. Les gagnants sont choisis par vote du public, qui est ouvert jusqu’au 17 avril.

Sauver l’un des bâtiments emblématiques de l’histoire du Manitoba. Voilà l’objectif du musée de Fort la Reine à Portage-la-Prairie, qui a inscrit au concours l’une de ses bâtisses: la Maison Hourie. C’est sur le site nextgreatsave.ca que le public, seul juge de la finale de cette compétition nationale, est invité à voter pour sauver son patrimoine favori. Parmi les finalistes, la Maison Hourie est le seul édifice situé au Manitoba.

Restaurer la maison Hourie

Les règles sont simples: pour sauver son patrimoine, chaque finaliste mène sa campagne de sensibilisation pour récolter le maximum de soutien. Parrainé par Ecclesiastical Insurance, ce concours s’inscrit dans les missions de la Fiducie nationale du Canada, créée en 1973. Principal organisme de bienfaisance national, la Fiducie a contribué depuis sa création à la protection de plus de 835 lieux partout au Canada.

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Saturday, Apr. 12, 2025

Gracieuseté

La Maison Hourie, à Portage-la-Prairie.

Gracieuseté
                                La Maison Hourie, à Portage-la-Prairie.
                                Supplied
                                La Maison Hourie de Portage-la-Prairie
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The modernization of the Senate

Paul G. Thomas 5 minute read Saturday, Apr. 5, 2025

Senate reform and ongoing modernization of its operations will not be a prominent issue in the current election. However, the outcome of the election will have significant consequences for the role of the Senate in the national policy process and for the dynamics of its internal decision-making.

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National symbols can be problematic, and the Canadian flag has been through a lot in its 60 years

Jen Zoratti 5 minute read Preview
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National symbols can be problematic, and the Canadian flag has been through a lot in its 60 years

Jen Zoratti 5 minute read Friday, Feb. 14, 2025

So, folks, where are we at on the Canadian flag? Is it cool to unfurl the ol’ girl again or what?

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Friday, Feb. 14, 2025

Marc Gallant / Winnipeg Free Press. Local- FILE STOCK PHOTO. Canadian flag against blue cloudy sky. 070323.

Marc Gallant / Winnipeg Free Press. Local- FILE STOCK PHOTO. Canadian flag against blue cloudy sky. 070323.
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Let’s live peacefully and meaningfully together in this land

John Longhurst 5 minute read Saturday, Jan. 11, 2025

Among the many benefits of being a faith reporter and columnist at the Free Press is a chance to learn more, and write about, the experience of Indigenous people in this country, including their interactions with Christianity.

This has helped make up for my lack of education I received in school about this important history while growing up in the 1960s and 70s.

Like many others of my boomer generation, I learned Canadian history from a colonial point of view. In that telling, Canada was an empty and unsettled land until the Europeans arrived, bringing civilization, progress — and religion — to what they considered to be a backward people.

So while I learned about famous European explorers and the settling of this land, I heard nothing about Kondiaronk, a Wendat chief who lived from 1649-1701. Among other things, Kondiaronk challenged the assertion that Europe and its religion was superior to the beliefs and way of life of Indigenous people.

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Thirty years on, is Quebec headed for another independence referendum?

Maura Forrest, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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Thirty years on, is Quebec headed for another independence referendum?

Maura Forrest, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

MONTREAL - Ten years ago, Jean-François Lisée predicted that Quebec’s independence movement would be reborn.

“It could rise again given the right circumstances,” he said in 2015. “What could trigger it, I cannot say."

Three years later, as leader of the sovereigntist Parti Québécois, Lisée lost his riding and saw his party reduced to 10 seats when the upstart Coalition Avenir Québec, led by François Legault, swept to power for the first time.

The 2018 election was widely seen as proof that separatism was no longer a defining issue in Quebec politics, and pollsters speculated that the PQ’s days were numbered. The province’s new leader was a former sovereigntist at the helm of a conservative-leaning, nationalist party promising not to hold a referendum, and Quebecers rewarded him with a decisive majority.

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

Members of the Yes and No camps clash on the streets of Montreal after the No victory in the Quebec referendum Oct. 30, 1995. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Tom Hanson

Members of the Yes and No camps clash on the streets of Montreal after the No victory in the Quebec referendum Oct. 30, 1995. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Tom Hanson
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Peacemaking and Canada’s international reputation

John Longhurst 5 minute read Preview
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Peacemaking and Canada’s international reputation

John Longhurst 5 minute read Saturday, Nov. 23, 2024

For many years, Canada had a much-lauded and highly respected reputation for peacekeeping — it helped define our national identity.

It started back in 1956. That’s when Lester Pearson, then minister of external affairs, proposed the creation of a United Nations peacekeeping force to resolve a crisis in Egypt when Great Britain, France and Israel attacked that country after it nationalized the Suez Canal.

The introduction of peacekeeping troops, including from Canada, stabilized the situation and allowed the belligerents to work out an agreement to end the fighting. For his efforts, Pearson was awarded the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize.

For decades after that crisis, Canada remained at the forefront of international peacekeeping operations. Altogether, the country sent about 125,000 trained peacekeepers on over 50 peacekeeping missions around the globe.

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Saturday, Nov. 23, 2024

JOHN LONGHURST / FREE PRESS

The Peace Train stopped in Winnipeg on Nov. 17.

JOHN LONGHURST / FREE PRESS
                                The Peace Train stopped in Winnipeg on Nov. 17.