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The Free Press Social Studies Grade 11: History of Canada Education Subject Becoming a Sovereign Nation 1867-1931
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Becoming a Sovereign Nation 1867-1931

Please review each article prior to use: grade-level applicability and curricular alignment might not be obvious from the headline alone.

Grant’s Old Mill is a historic site on Sturgeon Creek in St. James. (Ruth Bonneville / Free Press)
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Structural issues forced Grant’s Old Mill, built in 1973, to shut down

Kevin Rollason 5 minute read Preview
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Structural issues forced Grant’s Old Mill, built in 1973, to shut down

Kevin Rollason 5 minute read Monday, Apr. 27, 2026

Grant’s Old Mill, a longtime city landmark, is closed due to structural problems as the Manitoba Métis Federation looks to discuss its future with Winnipeg’s mayor.

MMF minister Will Gooden is a descendant of Métis leader Cuthbert Grant, the man commemorated by the replica mill along Sturgeon Creek. He said MMF president David Chartrand wants to set up a meeting with Mayor Scott Gillingham.

“It’s an opportunity now to see what we can make happen here,” Gooden said Monday. “It is a replica, but it is still very significant, not just for the Red River Métis, but also for that part of town.”

The water mill, located at 2777 Portage Ave., was constructed in 1973 as a City of Winnipeg centennial project and was officially opened by then-premier Ed Schreyer in 1975. It is a replica of the mill constructed by Grant in 1829.

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Monday, Apr. 27, 2026
Prime Minister Mark Carney, left, and Manitoba Métis Federation President David Chartrand speak together at the Louis Riel Commemoration Event in Winnipeg on Sunday Nov. 16, 2025 at the Saint Boniface Cathedral. THE CANADIAN PRESS/David Lipnowski
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Manitoba Métis president rebukes AFN chief over call for withdrawal of treaty

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Manitoba Métis president rebukes AFN chief over call for withdrawal of treaty

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Saturday, May. 16, 2026

OTTAWA - The president of the Manitoba Métis Federation is accusing the Assembly of First Nations of misleading people about legislation that would codify the federation's right to self-government.

On Thursday, Assembly of First Nations National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak took aim at a first-of-its-kind treaty between the federal government and the Manitoba Métis Federation, which came up for debate in the House of Commons on Wednesday.

Woodhouse Nepinak said in a media statement the legislation threatens to create a hierarchy of rights, with First Nations at the bottom.

“This piece of legislation must not proceed until First Nations voices’ are heard and our rights are respected, protected and upheld,” Woodhouse Nepinak wrote, saying Bill C-21 was developed without consultations with First Nations, despite it having implications for First Nations lands in Manitoba "and beyond."

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Saturday, May. 16, 2026
Photo from Dead of Winter
                                Notinikew (i went to war) was recorded by Dead of Winter with members of the Winnipeg Boys’ Choir at the Chapel of St. John the Evangelist, St. John’s College, at the University of Manitoba.
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Stirring oratorio pays homage to Indigenous veterans

Conrad Sweatman 6 minute read Preview
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Stirring oratorio pays homage to Indigenous veterans

Conrad Sweatman 6 minute read Friday, Apr. 24, 2026

‘My war wasn’t in Europe. My war was when I came back to Canada and I couldn’t vote until 1962,” says composer Andrew Balfour. He’s paraphrasing a quote by an Indigenous veteran and the inspiration for his oratorio notinikew (i went to war).

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Friday, Apr. 24, 2026
Gov. Gen. Mary Simon speaks during Canada Day celebrations at LeBreton Flats in Ottawa on Tuesday, July 1, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby

Gov. Gen. Mary Simon addresses United Nations forum on Indigenous rights

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview

Gov. Gen. Mary Simon addresses United Nations forum on Indigenous rights

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Sunday, May. 10, 2026

OTTAWA - Gov. Gen. Mary Simon told the opening of the United Nations permanent forum on Indigenous issues Monday that Canada is making progress on improving the lives of Indigenous Peoples, even if that progress is slow.

"Countries like Canada made a promise that life for Indigenous Peoples would improve, and in many ways in Canada it is improving," Simon said, citing Canada's adoption of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, better known as UNDRIP.

"I have witnessed progress and a growing awareness among Canadians through national and regional efforts toward reconciliation. Reconciliation is transforming our understanding of history and building new relations within our society."

Those relationships are being tested in at least one province. British Columbia Premier David Eby's government briefly proposed suspending key parts of a provincial law based on the UN declaration after courts cited it in rulings against his government.

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Sunday, May. 10, 2026
Premier David Eby is joined by fellow MLAs in solidarity as he speaks during a press conference on Thursday, Feb. 12, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Chad Hipolito

First Nations say Eby backs down again, now seeks joint path on B.C. Indigenous law

Alessia Passafiume and Wolfgang Depner, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview

First Nations say Eby backs down again, now seeks joint path on B.C. Indigenous law

Alessia Passafiume and Wolfgang Depner, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Thursday, May. 7, 2026

VICTORIA - British Columbia Premier David Eby has backed down again on the pausing of key parts of the Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act, scrapping plans to table a suspension bill this legislative session.

The premier’s office says in a brief statement that it "can confirm that the government will not be introducing legislation on DRIPA during this session."

Instead, it says Eby will hold a press conference Monday to outline next steps.

A draft document provided by a First Nations source says the government now hopes to work with First Nations to come up with a joint approach to DRIPA, under a framework for negotiations.

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Thursday, May. 7, 2026
Marta Guerrero photo
                                Plus d’un siècle après sa construction, l’ancienne King George Fifth School s’apprête à accueillir une nouvelle génération d’élèves francophones.
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Le destin renversé du 261 rue Youville

Hugo Beaucamp 6 minute read Preview
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Le destin renversé du 261 rue Youville

Hugo Beaucamp 6 minute read Saturday, Apr. 11, 2026

À défaut d’obtenir des excuses officielles de la part du gouvernement pour la loi Thornton de 1916, ou même l’ensemble des lois et politiques assimilatrices qui ont été en vigueur dans la province pendant des décennies, les jeunes franco-manitobains qui ont posé sur papier leur interrogation dans notre édition du 11 au 17 mars 2026 souriront peut-être à la lecture de ce papier.

L’on apprenait au début du mois de mars 2026 que la Division scolaire franco-manitobaine ouvrirait sa 26e école à Saint-Boniface.

Au 261 rue Youville, ce sont les murs de l’école confessionnelle Springs Christian Academy qui appartiennent désormais à la DSFM.

En réalité, l’établissement est l’un des plus anciens bâtiments scolaires publics de Saint-Boniface. Fermé en 1989 en raison d’une baisse du nombre d’inscriptions, elle n’a rouvert ses portes sous le nom de Springs Christian Academy qu’en 1991.

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Saturday, Apr. 11, 2026
Fonseca, W. G. (1884) Winnipeg. Ottawa: Mortimer & Co. [Map] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/99463757/.
                                Fonseca, W. G. (1884) Winnipeg. Ottawa: Mortimer & Co. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/99463757/.
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Hand-drawn 1884 map captures Winnipeg at moment when frontier hadn’t fully given way to a metropolis

Brent Bellamy 9 minute read Preview
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Hand-drawn 1884 map captures Winnipeg at moment when frontier hadn’t fully given way to a metropolis

Brent Bellamy 9 minute read Friday, Apr. 10, 2026

At first glance, the map is still. Ink on paper, streets drawn neatly in place, buildings rendered by a careful hand. Look more closely and it begins to loosen. Step into the image, between the lines, and immerse yourself in a city of movement.

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Friday, Apr. 10, 2026
Minister of Indigenous Services Mandy Gull-Masty rises during question period in the House of Commons on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Tuesday, Feb. 24, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Justin Tang
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Indigenous services minister questioned about fire that killed toddler

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview
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Indigenous services minister questioned about fire that killed toddler

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Wednesday, Apr. 29, 2026

OTTAWA - First Nations chiefs from northern Ontario demanded answers Thursday from Indigenous Services Minister Mandy Gull-Masty after they linked the death of a three-year-old boy to a lack of federal funding for fire services in their communities.

On Monday, a house fire in a northwestern Ontario community took the life of Chief Donny Morris's three-year-old grandson and left two others with serious injuries.

The Independent First Nations Alliance, a group of five First Nations that includes Morris's own community of Kitchenuhmaykoosib Inninuwug, filed a Canadian Human Rights Commission complaint in August 2025 alleging Indigenous Services Canada was systemically discriminating against their communities by underfunding on-reserve fire services.

Chief Carla Duncan of Muskrat Dam Lake First Nation — a member community of that alliance — told Gull-Masty during a Nishnawbe Aski Nation meeting in Toronto Thursday the community is still searching for the child's remains.

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Wednesday, Apr. 29, 2026
SUPPLIED
                                Pte. Albert Henry Detmold died at the Battle of Hill 70 in France in 1917.
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First World War soldier’s remains traced to Manitoba

Kevin Rollason 6 minute read Preview
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First World War soldier’s remains traced to Manitoba

Kevin Rollason 6 minute read Tuesday, Mar. 24, 2026

More than a century after he was killed by an enemy shell during the First World War in France, the remains of Roblin-area farmer Albert (Bert) Henry Detmold have been identified.

The 33-year-old private, who served with the 107th Overseas Battalion, was killed while digging a trench on the first day of the Battle of Hill 70 on Aug. 15, 1917.

Despite the efforts of the surviving members of the unit to find the dead and wounded, in the midst of enemy attacks that involved mustard gas, Detmold’s remains could not be found.

It wasn’t until August 2020 that a construction crew, doing excavation of a site intended for a new hospital, discovered his remains.

Read
Tuesday, Mar. 24, 2026
Industrial lands that include Canadian Tire and Coca-Cola Canada distribution centres, which fall within the boundaries of a Cowichan Nation Aboriginal title claim, are seen in an aerial view in Richmond, B.C., on Friday, Aug. 22, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck
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Some B.C. appraisers adding land-claims clause after Aboriginal title court case

Ashley Joannou, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview
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Some B.C. appraisers adding land-claims clause after Aboriginal title court case

Ashley Joannou, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Friday, Apr. 24, 2026

VICTORIA - An organization representing about 1,200 appraisers in British Columbia says some of its members are adding clauses to their reports noting that current, past, and potential future land claims have not been considered in their valuations.

Allan Beatty, president of the B.C. branch of the Appraisal Institute of Canada, says in a statement that the recent Cowichan Aboriginal title court ruling in B.C. is contributing to speculation that private property rights could be affected.

Beatty says the organization is preparing advice for its members on the appropriate limitation clauses, but discourages the use of "unsubstantiated adjustments that do not reflect the most relevant market data."

In an August 2025 ruling, a B.C. Supreme Court judge confirmed the Cowichan Tribes hold Aboriginal title over about 300 hectares of land on the Fraser River in Richmond, B.C.

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Friday, Apr. 24, 2026
Conservative MP Aaron Gunn asks a question during question period in the House of Commons on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Friday, Nov. 7, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick
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B.C. chiefs tell MP Aaron Gunn to ‘chillax’ about land acknowledgments

The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview
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B.C. chiefs tell MP Aaron Gunn to ‘chillax’ about land acknowledgments

The Canadian Press 3 minute read Friday, Apr. 24, 2026

VANCOUVER - The chiefs of four British Columbia First Nations have told Conservative member of Parliament Aaron Gunn to "chillax" after he criticized land acknowledgments referring to "unceded territory" at the start of public events.

In a joint statement, the chiefs from the Tla'amin, Homalco, K'omoks and Klahoose nations said that "harmless" land acknowledgments only recognized "the history of the place" where people held events.

The nations said that land acknowledgments "have never seized private property, cancelled a mortgage, repossessed a pickup truck or altered a single title deed anywhere in Canada."

"Chiefs from four First Nations communities are urging the public to please approach Aaron Gunn with no caution whatsoever," their statement issued on Wednesday said.

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Friday, Apr. 24, 2026
(left to right) Grand Chief Joey Pete Grand Chief of the Confederacy of Treaty No. 6, Chief Edwin Ananas Beardy's and Okemasis' Cree Nation, Chief Daryl Watson Mistawasis Nêhiyawak, King Charles III, Chief Larry Ahenkew Ahtahkakoop Cree Nation, Councillor Gary LaPlante Stoney Knoll First Nation, Chief Christine Longjohn Sturgeon Lake First Nation and Chief Desmond Bull Louis Bull Tribe, who are seven elected representatives of First Nations signatories to Treaty Number Six, the 1876 treaty between the Crown and First Nations in modern-day Saskatchewan and Alberta, Canada, during an audience at Buckingham Palace, London. Picture date: Wednesday March 11. PA Photo. Photo credit should read: Aaron Chown/PA Wire
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King Charles ‘expressed his concern’ over Alberta separatism in meeting: grand chief

Jack Farrell and Lisa Johnson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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King Charles ‘expressed his concern’ over Alberta separatism in meeting: grand chief

Jack Farrell and Lisa Johnson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Friday, Apr. 24, 2026

EDMONTON - The grand chief of the Confederacy of Treaty Six First Nations says King Charles "expressed his concern" after hearing about Alberta's separatist push in a face-to-face meeting with Indigenous leaders on Wednesday.

Grand Chief Joey Pete, who was part of a delegation of Treaty 6 chiefs who went to Buckingham Palace, said in a news release that the King was "very interested" in what the Indigenous leaders had to say.

"We made him aware of the separatism issue in Alberta and the threat to treaty it represents," the chief said.

"He expressed his concern and committed to learning more."

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Friday, Apr. 24, 2026
Minister Marc Miller speaks at the Prime Time screen and media industry conference in Ottawa, on Thursday, Jan. 29, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/ Patrick Doyle
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Marc Miller says Musqueam deal has ‘nothing to do with’ private property

The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview
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Marc Miller says Musqueam deal has ‘nothing to do with’ private property

The Canadian Press 3 minute read Friday, Apr. 24, 2026

OTTAWA - Culture Minister Marc Miller says a rights acknowledgment agreement between the federal government and the Musqueam First Nation has "nothing to do with" private property.

He says instead that the agreement signed last month is a small step forward for a First Nation that has been fighting for its rights ever since British Columbia was settled.

The government says the agreement recognizes Musqueam Aboriginal rights "including title within their traditional territory," which the nation asserts is an area encompassing much of Metro Vancouver.

Critics have suggested the agreement could affect private property ownership, but Miller says right-wing parties have been using the issue in a "cynical attempt to try to whip up votes."

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Friday, Apr. 24, 2026
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Precedent-setting Treaty 1 case wraps up

Sheilla Jones and Bill Shead 5 minute read Wednesday, Mar. 4, 2026

A precedent-setting trial that wrapped up in Winnipeg’s Court of King’s Bench at the end of February has called for a court to determine, for the first time in 150 years, whether the value of Treaty 1 annuities is subject to an increase after being frozen at $5 per person since 1875.

MP for Edmonton Northwest Billy Morin rises in the House of Commons on Friday, Feb. 13, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld
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Opposition parties back changes to status rules in Indian Act, Liberals say not yet

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview
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Opposition parties back changes to status rules in Indian Act, Liberals say not yet

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Saturday, Mar. 21, 2026

OTTAWA - All four opposition parties in the House of Commons are backing legislation to change the status rules in the Indian Act to end the "second-generation cutoff."

But the Liberals say that while they support changes to registration eligibility, more consultations with First Nations are needed before the law is amended.

Bill S-2, introduced in the Senate with support from the Liberals, initially sought to restore First Nations status to some 3,500 individuals.

Those individuals' ancestors lost their status before 1985 due to a law that said they could not maintain status if they wanted to vote in federal elections or own property.

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Saturday, Mar. 21, 2026

Festival du Voyageur and the modern fur industry

Tracy Groenewegen 5 minute read Tuesday, Feb. 24, 2026

Festival du Voyageur, which wrapped up its 57th annual run this past weekend, is hard to pin down.

It is Western Canada’s largest winter festival and francophone event. It celebrates Indigenous history and culture. It used to hold staged gunfights or “skirmishes” and a casino.

It can be easy to forget that Festival du Voyageur is at its core a celebration of Canada’s fur trade history. Without the fur trade, there would be no Canada as we know it. Among other things, it was the engine of French settlement in North America and gave birth to the Metis Nation. At the same time, the fur trade had profound and lasting negative impacts on Indigenous communities and devastated local populations of beavers and other animals. Any event that commemorates a history as deeply contentious as that of the fur trade — especially one that draws tens of thousands of people each year — must do so responsibly.

Festival du Voyageur agrees.

FREE PRESS FILES
                                Manitoba Métis Federation President David Chartrand
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Bill aims to give MMF self-government treaty with Canada

Kevin Rollason 3 minute read Preview
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Bill aims to give MMF self-government treaty with Canada

Kevin Rollason 3 minute read Thursday, Feb. 12, 2026

The Manitoba Métis Federation is one step closer to having a self-government treaty with the federal government.

Federal Crown-Indigenous Relations Minister Rebecca Alty introduced Bill C-21 Thursday, the Red River Métis Self-Government Recognition and Implementation Treaty, which if passed would be the first self-government treaty with any Métis government in the country.

“This treaty has been 156 years in the making and represents the cherished vision of our ancestors and elders, who fought so hard to preserve our existence and keep the flame of our nationhood alive through the dark times,” MMF president David Chartrand said in a statement.

“This legislation realizes their vision and shows that the fighting spirit of the Red River Métis — Canada’s negotiation partner in Confederation and the founders of Manitoba — can never be dismissed when we stand for what we believe in.”

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Thursday, Feb. 12, 2026
Minister of Indigenous Services Mandy Gull-Masty speaks at the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) Special Chiefs Assembly in Ottawa on Thursday, Dec. 4, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Justin Tang
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Gull-Masty signals go-slow approach to changing First Nations status eligibility

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Gull-Masty signals go-slow approach to changing First Nations status eligibility

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Tuesday, Dec. 9, 2025

OTTAWA - Indigenous Services Minister Mandy Gull-Masty says the Assembly of First Nations sent a strong signal to her government to end the second-generation cutoff in the Indian Act, but her government won't make that change without broad consultations with leaders.

At a special assembly in Ottawa last week, First Nations chiefs voted to support Senate amendments to a government bill that would expand eligibility under the Indian Act by eliminating the second-generation cutoff — which prevents individuals from registering for status under the law if they have a parent and a grandparent who did not have status.

The resolution, which passed by consensus during the Assembly of First Nations gathering in Ottawa, also calls on Ottawa to commit to increased funding to offset the cost to their communities of absorbing new members.

The AFN works as an advocacy body for 600 First Nations chiefs who attend biannual meetings to discuss issues and pass resolutions directing the executive committee on how to lobby governments.

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Tuesday, Dec. 9, 2025
Assembly of First Nations National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak speaks at the Assembly of First Nations Annual General Assembly in Winnipeg, Wednesday, Sept. 3, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/John Woods
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Indigenous artifacts from the Vatican collection return to Canada

Sidhartha Banerjee, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview
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Indigenous artifacts from the Vatican collection return to Canada

Sidhartha Banerjee, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Monday, Dec. 8, 2025

MONTREAL - First Nations, Inuit and Métis leaders welcomed back dozens of Indigenous artifacts released from the Vatican collection at Montreal's airport Saturday.

The 62 items will ultimately be returned to their communities of origin as an act of furthering reconciliation.

Assembly of First Nations National Chief Cindy Woodhouse Nepinak said it was an important and emotional moment for all First Nations, and she hoped it would be important for all Canadians.

"We've come a long way, and we have a long way to go," she said at the airport.

Read
Monday, Dec. 8, 2025
SUPPLIED
                                An undated archival photo shows the aqueduct construction that brought Shoal Lake water to Winnipeg. Manitoba has great need of new infrastructure investment.

Investing for ourselves, and those downstream

Jocelyn Thorpe and Adele Perry 5 minute read Preview

Investing for ourselves, and those downstream

Jocelyn Thorpe and Adele Perry 5 minute read Monday, Nov. 24, 2025

We have invested large sums of money in infrastructure before.

You don’t often hear Winnipeggers complaining about the results: soft, clean drinking water thanks to the Shoal Lake aqueduct and flood protection thanks to the Red River Floodway.

A new city report outlines the importance of upgrading Winnipeg’s North End sewage treatment plant, which is responsible for treating 70 per cent of the city’s wastewater and all sewage sludge. The report focuses on the upgrades’ potential benefits to the city, including increased capacity to build new homes and businesses, and related economic growth.

It briefly mentions that upgrades to the plant are necessary in order to meet environmental regulations designed to protect waterways from the discharge of harmful materials that compromise the health of the Red River and Lake Winnipeg.

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Monday, Nov. 24, 2025
Eric Gay / The Associated Press files 
Oil pump jacks work in unison on a foggy morning in Williston, N.D. High crude prices catapulted North Dakota into the top tier of the global oil market and helped double or triple the size of once-sleepy towns that suddenly had to accommodate a small army of petroleum workers. But now that those prices have tumbled, the shifting oil market threatens to put the industry and local governments on a collision course.
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First Nations sue over oil-rich land

Tyler Searle 4 minute read Preview
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First Nations sue over oil-rich land

Tyler Searle 4 minute read Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025

A pair of First Nations are suing the provincial and federal governments, claiming land and mineral rights to a swath of land in southwestern Manitoba that generates more than $1.3 billion annually from oil and gas production.

Canupawakpa Dakota First Nation and Dakota Tipi First Nation filed a statement of claim in Court of King’s Bench on Thursday calling for a declaration of title and subsurface rights over Manitoba’s portion of the Williston Basin.

The oil-rich basin stretches from southwestern Manitoba into southern Saskatchewan and over the U.S. border. The Manitoba portion hosts at least 14 identified oil fields and is home to all the current oil production in the province, the lawsuit states.

The plaintiffs are claiming rights over the entirety of the basin in Manitoba, including the “right to economically participate in the extraction, development and production of subsurface minerals.”

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Saturday, Nov. 22, 2025
Sen. Paul Prosper speaks during a plenary session on economic reconciliation the first day of the Assembly of First Nations (AFN) Special Chiefs Assembly in Ottawa, on Tuesday, Dec. 3, 2024. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby
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Senators amend legislation to make it easier to pass on First Nations status

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview
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Senators amend legislation to make it easier to pass on First Nations status

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025

OTTAWA - Senators have passed sweeping amendments to a bill that would simplify the transfer of First Nations status between generations, rejecting the federal government's advice to limit its scope.

Bill S-2, introduced in the Senate with support by the Liberal government, was drafted to eliminate some gender inequities in the Indian Act and allow some 6,000 people to become eligible for First Nations status.

Some senators and Indigenous community leaders said the bill didn't go far enough.

On Tuesday, senators changed the legislation to eliminate what is known as the "second-generation cutoff," opting instead for a one-parent rule that would allow First Nations status to be transferred to a child if one of their parents is enrolled.

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Thursday, Nov. 20, 2025
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Winnipeg’s synagogue and Edmonton’s mosque

Austin Albanese 5 minute read Saturday, Nov. 15, 2025

In 1889, on the northwest corner of Common and King streets, Winnipeggers of many creeds gathered to lay the cornerstone of a new house of worship. It was the first synagogue in Manitoba, Shaarey Zedek, the Gates of Righteousness.

The Manitoba Free Press called the crowd “representative of all classes of citizens.” Members of the legislature and city council stood beside clergy from several churches. The Grand Lodge of Freemasons led the procession. The Infantry School Band played.

Philip Brown, chair of the building committee, rose to speak. To the wider city he appealed for “all lovers of religious liberty, regardless of class, creed or nationality.” To his own congregation he offered steadiness: be strong; your trials will be many, but patience and success will crown your efforts. Then his words turned outward again, toward the Masons and other neighbours who had come in friendship.

Quoting Psalm 133, he said, “Behold how good and how pleasant it is for brethren to dwell together in unity.” He praised the “worthy brotherhood whose motto is ‘Light, truth and charity,’” saying its principles were in harmony with Judaism’s own.

The 11th Canadian Field Ambulance War Memorial lists the names of 30 university students who died during the First World War. (Brook Jones / Free Press)
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Our monuments, statues and memorials give form to honouring, grieving lives lost in war

Kevin Rollason 14 minute read Preview
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Our monuments, statues and memorials give form to honouring, grieving lives lost in war

Kevin Rollason 14 minute read Saturday, Nov. 8, 2025

Tucked at the end of a walkway, which dead-ends between the University Centre and the Helen Glass Centre for Nursing on the University of Manitoba campus, stands a monument in memory of students who never returned from the First World War.

Carved from local Tyndall stone and at just over a metre high, it commemorates the 30 medical students, from both the Manitoba Agricultural College, which later became part of the University of Manitoba, and other universities across the western provinces, who were killed while serving with the 11th Canadian Field Ambulance.

It’s just one of several monuments at the university marking student sacrifices during the First World War and one of many markers — from cenotaphs to statues and even lakes — across the province commemorating Manitobans who have served in conflicts since the province was created in 1870.

Many of those monuments are either hidden or in hard-to-find places. Even veterans from the Second World War — who not so long ago were part of marching parades and outdoor services marking Remembrance Day — are mostly tucked away living the remaining days of their lives in personal care homes.

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Saturday, Nov. 8, 2025
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