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Social Studies Grade 11: History of Canada

Please review each article prior to use: grade-level applicability and curricular alignment might not be obvious from the headline alone.

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As memories fade, Canadians mark 80 years since the end of the Second World War

Kyle Duggan, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview
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As memories fade, Canadians mark 80 years since the end of the Second World War

Kyle Duggan, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

OTTAWA - Relatives of war veterans gathered at the National War Memorial in Ottawa on Friday to mark the 80th anniversary of Japan's surrender and the official end of the Second World War.

Sweat poured down the faces of those assembled in the August midday heat as the Canadian Armed Forces bugler performed the Last Post.

Michael Babin, president of the Hong Kong Veterans Commemorative Association, said there are no living veterans remaining out of the nearly 2,000 Canadians who took part in the Battle of Hong Kong in December 1941.

He said the last known veteran from that fight died a little more than a year and a half ago, at the age of 106.

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025
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Try out being a tourist at home — in Winnipeg

Brent Bellamy 6 minute read Preview
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Try out being a tourist at home — in Winnipeg

Brent Bellamy 6 minute read Monday, Jul. 28, 2025

Many Canadians and Manitobans are rethinking their travel plans to the United States this summer. We might take this opportunity to become tourists in our own city, rediscovering Winnipeg — a city that is often underappreciated, but one that is truly unique in Canada.

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Monday, Jul. 28, 2025
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‘We cannot waste any time’: Anand promises ‘action’ and reform in foreign affairs

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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‘We cannot waste any time’: Anand promises ‘action’ and reform in foreign affairs

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

OTTAWA - Faced with escalating conflict in the Middle East, a collapsing global trade system and a department struggling to reform itself, Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand says she relishes the job of helping Canada navigate a turbulent world.

In a wide-ranging interview Thursday with The Canadian Press, Anand said her experiences in both politics and academia can help her streamline Canada's approach to global issues, allowing it to pursue its interests without losing sight of its values.

"How do you ensure, when you have these large departments, that you're actually able to execute? That is the heart of government. It's the hardest thing to do," Anand said.

"I enjoy difficult responsibilities."

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025
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Christian Monnin, ou la chance d’un esprit de famille

Jonathan Semah 7 minute read Preview
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Christian Monnin, ou la chance d’un esprit de famille

Jonathan Semah 7 minute read Saturday, May. 17, 2025

Christian Monnin a été nommé juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi pour le Manitoba au début du mois de mars, un évènement fortement symbolique au regard de son histoire familiale.

Symbolique, et sûrement unique au Manitoba. Comme son grand-père, Alfred, mais aussi son père, Michel, et également son oncle, Marc, Christian Monnin, ancien président de la Société de la francophonie manitobaine (SFM), est devenu lui aussi juge à la Cour du Banc du Roi.

Si c’est une fonction sur laquelle il serait pour lui difficile de se prononcer en début de carrière, une question s’avère pourtant légitime: le monde dans lequel a grandi Christian Monnin a-t-il pu influer sur ses envies et ses aspirations?

“Il y a d’évidence une question de socialisation, qui s’applique à toutes les familles,” note tout d’abord Christian Monnin. “La première fois que j’ai assisté à une cérémonie d’assermentation, c’était celle de mon grand-père il y a 42 ans, quand il est devenu juge en chef du Manitoba. Je devais avoir 8 ou 9 ans. Ça a été impressionnant, en tant que jeune, de voir cette cérémonie, tout ce monde qui était présent. Je n’ai bien sûr rien décidé à ce moment-là, mais la carrière de juriste a toujours été quelque chose qui mijotait en moi.”

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Saturday, May. 17, 2025
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Sauver la Maison Hourie, le vote est ouvert

Marie Wielgocki 4 minute read Preview
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Sauver la Maison Hourie, le vote est ouvert

Marie Wielgocki 4 minute read Saturday, Apr. 12, 2025

Organisée par la Fiducie nationale du Canada, la compétition Next Great Save offre un financement et de la visibilité aux lieux historiques menacés partout dans le pays. Cette année, la maison Hourie de Portage-la-Prairie fait partie des douze finalistes. Les gagnants sont choisis par vote du public, qui est ouvert jusqu’au 17 avril.

Sauver l’un des bâtiments emblématiques de l’histoire du Manitoba. Voilà l’objectif du musée de Fort la Reine à Portage-la-Prairie, qui a inscrit au concours l’une de ses bâtisses: la Maison Hourie. C’est sur le site nextgreatsave.ca que le public, seul juge de la finale de cette compétition nationale, est invité à voter pour sauver son patrimoine favori. Parmi les finalistes, la Maison Hourie est le seul édifice situé au Manitoba.

Restaurer la maison Hourie

Les règles sont simples: pour sauver son patrimoine, chaque finaliste mène sa campagne de sensibilisation pour récolter le maximum de soutien. Parrainé par Ecclesiastical Insurance, ce concours s’inscrit dans les missions de la Fiducie nationale du Canada, créée en 1973. Principal organisme de bienfaisance national, la Fiducie a contribué depuis sa création à la protection de plus de 835 lieux partout au Canada.

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Saturday, Apr. 12, 2025
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The modernization of the Senate

Paul G. Thomas 5 minute read Saturday, Apr. 5, 2025

Senate reform and ongoing modernization of its operations will not be a prominent issue in the current election. However, the outcome of the election will have significant consequences for the role of the Senate in the national policy process and for the dynamics of its internal decision-making.

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National symbols can be problematic, and the Canadian flag has been through a lot in its 60 years

Jen Zoratti 5 minute read Preview
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National symbols can be problematic, and the Canadian flag has been through a lot in its 60 years

Jen Zoratti 5 minute read Friday, Feb. 14, 2025

So, folks, where are we at on the Canadian flag? Is it cool to unfurl the ol’ girl again or what?

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Friday, Feb. 14, 2025
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Let’s live peacefully and meaningfully together in this land

John Longhurst 5 minute read Saturday, Jan. 11, 2025

Among the many benefits of being a faith reporter and columnist at the Free Press is a chance to learn more, and write about, the experience of Indigenous people in this country, including their interactions with Christianity.

This has helped make up for my lack of education I received in school about this important history while growing up in the 1960s and 70s.

Like many others of my boomer generation, I learned Canadian history from a colonial point of view. In that telling, Canada was an empty and unsettled land until the Europeans arrived, bringing civilization, progress — and religion — to what they considered to be a backward people.

So while I learned about famous European explorers and the settling of this land, I heard nothing about Kondiaronk, a Wendat chief who lived from 1649-1701. Among other things, Kondiaronk challenged the assertion that Europe and its religion was superior to the beliefs and way of life of Indigenous people.

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Thirty years on, is Quebec headed for another independence referendum?

Maura Forrest, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview
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Thirty years on, is Quebec headed for another independence referendum?

Maura Forrest, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025

MONTREAL - Ten years ago, Jean-François Lisée predicted that Quebec’s independence movement would be reborn.

“It could rise again given the right circumstances,” he said in 2015. “What could trigger it, I cannot say."

Three years later, as leader of the sovereigntist Parti Québécois, Lisée lost his riding and saw his party reduced to 10 seats when the upstart Coalition Avenir Québec, led by François Legault, swept to power for the first time.

The 2018 election was widely seen as proof that separatism was no longer a defining issue in Quebec politics, and pollsters speculated that the PQ’s days were numbered. The province’s new leader was a former sovereigntist at the helm of a conservative-leaning, nationalist party promising not to hold a referendum, and Quebecers rewarded him with a decisive majority.

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Wednesday, Oct. 15, 2025
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Peacemaking and Canada’s international reputation

John Longhurst 5 minute read Preview
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Peacemaking and Canada’s international reputation

John Longhurst 5 minute read Saturday, Nov. 23, 2024

For many years, Canada had a much-lauded and highly respected reputation for peacekeeping — it helped define our national identity.

It started back in 1956. That’s when Lester Pearson, then minister of external affairs, proposed the creation of a United Nations peacekeeping force to resolve a crisis in Egypt when Great Britain, France and Israel attacked that country after it nationalized the Suez Canal.

The introduction of peacekeeping troops, including from Canada, stabilized the situation and allowed the belligerents to work out an agreement to end the fighting. For his efforts, Pearson was awarded the 1957 Nobel Peace Prize.

For decades after that crisis, Canada remained at the forefront of international peacekeeping operations. Altogether, the country sent about 125,000 trained peacekeepers on over 50 peacekeeping missions around the globe.

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Saturday, Nov. 23, 2024
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Introductory course on Islam offered

John Longhurst 3 minute read Monday, May. 6, 2024

Delvinder Zamir converted to Islam and then began the journey to learn more about her new faith.

“I needed to learn the basics,” said the 34-year-old, who converted from Sikhism.

In 2021, Zamir took an introductory course about Islam through the Manitoba Islamic Association.

“It was about how Islam came to be, about the Prophet and about the basic obligations for Muslims such as prayer, fasting, charity and pilgrimage,” she said.

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Coup d’oeil sur un jeune Métis engagé

Elyette Levy 4 minute read Preview
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Coup d’oeil sur un jeune Métis engagé

Elyette Levy 4 minute read Friday, Apr. 26, 2024

Que disent nos jeunes de ces élections fédérales? Portrait de Beaudry Labossière, étudiant Franco-Métis qui suit la campagne de près.

Étudiant en relations internationales et en histoire, Beaudry Labossière mange et respire la politique. Il consomme des nouvelles sur les élections partout où il peut en trouver: dans des podcasts, à la radio, dans les journaux, à la télévision, sur les réseaux sociaux…

Mais malgré sa soif de contenu électoral, Beaudry a l’impression que les différents partis ne font pas grand-chose pour l’atteindre en tant que jeune électeur, même si les jeunes sont historiquement connus pour leur faible taux de participation.

Néanmoins, les questions qu’il examine de près font écho à la perspective d’une génération soucieuse de son avenir. “Pour moi, ce que je regarde majoritairement,” dit Beaudry Labossière, “c’est le prix de l’immobilier, le prix de la nourriture, la performance de l’économie, mais aussi des choses comme la réconciliation, la transition énergétique, l’environnement, les programmes de sécurité sociale, les soins dentaires et de la vue, etc.”

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Friday, Apr. 26, 2024
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Riel’s vision grows stronger

Niigaan Sinclair 5 minute read Preview
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Riel’s vision grows stronger

Niigaan Sinclair 5 minute read Friday, Nov. 24, 2023

As the first visionary of Manitoba, Riel fought the rest of his life to stop British domination and destruction of Indigenous lives, while stubbornly maintain the independent and unique multicultural spirit that birthed this place.

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Friday, Nov. 24, 2023
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Fenians fancied a Manitoba foothold

Reviewed by Douglas J. Johnston 4 minute read Preview
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Fenians fancied a Manitoba foothold

Reviewed by Douglas J. Johnston 4 minute read Saturday, Aug. 6, 2022

Sometimes it’s the local angle that turns a book into a bit of a revelation.

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Saturday, Aug. 6, 2022
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Feds to return parliamentary find to Algonquins

Marie Woolf, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Feds to return parliamentary find to Algonquins

Marie Woolf, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Tuesday, May. 26, 2026

The Conservative Party of Canada must embrace rapid change to its methods of platform development, leadership and candidate selection, while pushing back on efforts to radicalize the party.

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Tuesday, May. 26, 2026
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St. Boniface Museum home to 30,000 artifacts, many connected to founder of Manitoba

Brenda Suderman 7 minute read Preview
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St. Boniface Museum home to 30,000 artifacts, many connected to founder of Manitoba

Brenda Suderman 7 minute read Monday, Oct. 18, 2021

St. Boniface Museum is home to 30,000 artifacts, many connected to the founder of Manitoba.

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Monday, Oct. 18, 2021
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A novel to weave Filipino roots into her sons’ future

Eva Wasney 4 minute read Preview
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A novel to weave Filipino roots into her sons’ future

Eva Wasney 4 minute read Thursday, Oct. 14, 2021

In Primrose Madayag Knazan’s first novel, food is the gateway to a fuller understanding of self. It’s a narrative arc that’s played out many times in real life for the Winnipeg playwright.

Lessons in Fusion follows 16-year-old food blogger Sarah as she embarks on a virtual cooking competition that pushes her to explore her Filipino heritage. It’s an eye-opening journey for the main character, who was raised emphatically Jewish.

Like Sarah, Madayag Knazan is Jewish and also re-connected with her Filipino roots later in life.

“I grew up at a time when my parents were basically told, ‘You can’t speak Filipino to your daughter anymore because she’s not going to be smart, she’s not going to succeed’,” says Madayag Knazan, whose family immigrated to Winnipeg from the Philippines in 1974. “I lost that tie to my culture and I’ve been fighting to get that back since then.”

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Thursday, Oct. 14, 2021
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Listening after decades of hearing

Melissa Martin 7 minute read Preview
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Listening after decades of hearing

Melissa Martin 7 minute read Friday, Oct. 1, 2021

It seemed that all of Canada glowed orange, in act or in mind. On the streets of Winnipeg, a sea of people marched in orange shirts, carrying orange signs. On social media, people shared text posts on orange backgrounds, urging more attention to the Truth and Reconciliation Commission's 94 calls to action.

Even city buses — though not orange — marked the day on their digital signs.

If you'd come to me 10 years ago and told me this week would happen, I wouldn't have believed you. If you'd told me that on the last day of September 2021, everything from a cocktail bar to a Botox clinic would close to remember the children and survivors of residential schools, I would have said you were telling me about a dream.

Not the kind we seek to create, but the kind that disintegrates upon waking.

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Friday, Oct. 1, 2021
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Heavy hearts, happy hearts

Melissa Martin 5 minute read Preview
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Heavy hearts, happy hearts

Melissa Martin 5 minute read Thursday, Sep. 30, 2021

The marchers arrive at St. John's Park at almost exactly the minute predicted. They arrive in a great orange wave, all wearing shirts the same colour. They arrive led by the drum, and the riders on horseback, and the tendrils of smudge that curl over Main Street, cleansing the path to the park where the powwow is underway.

"Are we all going to fit into the park, guys?" one young woman gasps, laughing as she surveys the scene.

In a way they do, in a way they don't. For hours, the people flow into the park from all directions. They flow by the hundreds, and then the thousands. They flow until the fields show less green than orange, until lines for the porta-potties stretch into the dozens, until the whole park is alive with laughter and conversation.

The crowd looks like Manitoba. It contains faces of all ages, all races. Most of the people here are Indigenous, but on this day they are joined in solidarity by people of all nations; a movement, generations in the making, to call for a way forward, to call for action on reconciliation, to call for justice for Indigenous people.

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Thursday, Sep. 30, 2021
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Manitobans take to streets in name of truth, reconciliation

Julia-Simone Rutgers and Gabrielle Piché 6 minute read Preview
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Manitobans take to streets in name of truth, reconciliation

Julia-Simone Rutgers and Gabrielle Piché 6 minute read Thursday, Sep. 30, 2021

A sea of orange flooded downtown Winnipeg, as thousands of Manitobans came together to honour residential school survivors, mourn those lost to the system, and mark the first National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.

On Thursday morning, outside the towering Canadian Museum for Human Rights, a historic sight: crowds of people in orange shirts honouring a group of Sixties Scoop, residential school and day school survivors gathered on the steps.

"We went there as beautiful children; we wake up every day with these memories,” Gerry Shingoose — herself a residential school survivor — called into a megaphone, looking out at the growing crowd.

"Today is such a beautiful day to honour each one of us."

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Thursday, Sep. 30, 2021
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Portraits of survivors, tales of strength

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Portraits of survivors, tales of strength

7 minute read Wednesday, Sep. 29, 2021

Since 2013, Sept. 30 has been known as Orange Shirt Day — to honour the children who survived Indian residential schools and to remember those who did not return home.

It is also now the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation, which asks all Canadians to reflect upon relationships with Indigenous people, remember the harms of the past, and focus on ways to commit to healthy and positive growth throughout all communities today.

Here are six inspiring stories of Manitoba survivors of the residential school, day school, and child welfare systems:

 

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Wednesday, Sep. 29, 2021
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Bright orange safety shirts now beacon of hope, thanks to young designer

Ben Waldman 7 minute read Preview
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Bright orange safety shirts now beacon of hope, thanks to young designer

Ben Waldman 7 minute read Monday, Sep. 27, 2021

Isaiah Binns, who graduated last spring from Elmwood High School, arrives at the downtown headquarters of Richlu Industries, the manufacturer of Tough Duck workwear, to see the logo he helped create for a line of the company’s reflective safety clothing ahead of the National Day for Truth and Reconciliation.

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Monday, Sep. 27, 2021
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Winnipeg School Division to review all its schools named after people

Maggie Macintosh 6 minute read Preview
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Winnipeg School Division to review all its schools named after people

Maggie Macintosh 6 minute read Thursday, Sep. 23, 2021

Manitoba’s largest school board is reviewing all of its K-12 building titles to determine whether the namesakes and their respective legacies are in line with modern-day morals.

Last week, Jamie Dumont, vice-chairwoman of the board of trustees in the Winnipeg School Division, introduced a motion to undertake an evaluation of all schools named after people and research each historical figure’s resumé.

“We operate, as a school division, under a number of values and, in many cases, we are very much a leader in diversity, equity, inclusion and Indigenous education — so I think it’s important that, as a board, we ensure that our schools and our buildings don’t contradict these values,” Dumont said during a virtual board meeting Sept. 13.

The review will identify whether any buildings are named after individuals with a history of actions that are discriminatory or not in accordance with WSD values, namely: inclusiveness, diversity, reconciliation, and respect for the rights and human dignity of others, or both.

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Thursday, Sep. 23, 2021
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Flags of Treaty One, the Dakota and Métis fly at city hall

Gabrielle Piché 3 minute read Preview
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Flags of Treaty One, the Dakota and Métis fly at city hall

Gabrielle Piché 3 minute read Wednesday, Sep. 15, 2021

Drumbeats reverberated as four Indigenous leaders rode horseback past the brick-walled restaurants on King Street: it was the beginning of a ceremony to recognize the place of Indigenous people in Winnipeg.

On Wednesday morning, the flags of Treaty One First Nations, the Dakota and the Métis were hoisted at city hall. They'll be there permanently, alongside the flags of Canada, Manitoba and Winnipeg.

"It'll make our people proud that their flag will be flying at city hall," said Sagkeeng First Nation Chief Derrick Henderson. "That is so significant."

Chiefs, representatives of various Indigenous groups and Winnipeg Mayor Brian Bowman spoke at the flag-raising event. Ribbon skirts, headdresses and face masks were abundant among the crowd.

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Wednesday, Sep. 15, 2021