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The Free Press Education Subject Social Studies Grade 11: History of Canada

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Social Studies Grade 11: History of Canada

Please review each article prior to use: grade-level applicability and curricular alignment might not be obvious from the headline alone.

Artificial Intelligence and Digital Innovation Minister Evan Solomon rises during question period on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Monday, June 15, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld
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Ottawa’s new surveillance pricing rules not likely to take effect before 2028

Anja Karadeglija, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Ottawa’s new surveillance pricing rules not likely to take effect before 2028

Anja Karadeglija, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Wednesday, Jul. 8, 2026

OTTAWA - The federal government wants to be "super careful" as it tackles surveillance pricing, Artificial Intelligence Minister Evan Solomon said after tabling the government's new privacy bill.

Under the plan outlined by Solomon, those rules on surveillance pricing are unlikely to be in place before 2028.

"It's very easy to say just ban using personal information to give personal pricing, because we have to be super careful that we don't want to penalize people who are members of a rewards program," Solomon said Monday in an interview with The Canadian Press.

The government introduced the bill Monday — its third attempt to update decades-old privacy laws covering the private sector.

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Wednesday, Jul. 8, 2026
Mandy Gull-Masty, Minister of Indigenous Services responds to a question during a news conference following the release of opioid data in Ottawa, Monday, June 15, 2026.  THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld

Liberal government tables new First Nations drinking water legislation

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 7 minute read Preview

Liberal government tables new First Nations drinking water legislation

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 7 minute read Tuesday, Jun. 23, 2026

New legislation tabled by the government on Tuesday will create a legislative framework to protect drinking water in First Nations communities, Indigenous Services Minister Mandy Gull-Masty said.

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Tuesday, Jun. 23, 2026
Moses Sawasawa / The Associated Press
                                Red Cross workers disinfect themselves after transporting the bodies of people who died of Ebola from a health centre in Rwampara, Congo, May 20.
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Ebola stretches weakened global aid system

Kyle Volpi Hiebert 5 minute read Preview
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Ebola stretches weakened global aid system

Kyle Volpi Hiebert 5 minute read Tuesday, Jun. 16, 2026

The WHO has declared the current outbreak an international public health emergency.

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Tuesday, Jun. 16, 2026
Pumpjacks draw oil out of the ground near Olds, Alta., on July 16, 2020. Alberta’s rural towns say unpaid property taxes from the province’s struggling oilpatch have tripled in two years. A survey released today by the association of those communities says industry now owes a total of $245 million. Paul Sutherland, president of Rural Municipalities Alberta, says the provincial government should close loopholes that make it tough for communities to collect. (Jeff McIntosh / The Canadian Press files)

Alberta separatists can’t see economic future through their blinding rage

Dan Lett 6 minute read Preview

Alberta separatists can’t see economic future through their blinding rage

Dan Lett 6 minute read Monday, Jun. 15, 2026

It would be easy to dismiss the threat of Alberta separation as the delusions of a misguided and greedy minority. Easy because the concept does not have much traction.

Opinion polls show that a solid majority of Albertans do not want to leave Canada. Yes, more than 300,000 of the province’s voting-age citizens signed a petition demanding a referendum seeking a departure from the federation. But more than 400,000 other Albertans signed a petition telling the separatists to get stuffed.

That is not a good excuse to ignore what is happening in Alberta. It’s a serious threat but right now, it’s easy to ignore because it’s being pursued by people who are decidedly unserious.

The demands uttered by Alberta separatists are not designed to give its citizens more fairness and equality within the federation; this is about getting more from Canada than any other province has a right to expect.

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Monday, Jun. 15, 2026
Minister of Indigenous Services Mandy Gull-Masty rises during question period in the House of Commons on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Wednesday, May 27, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Spencer Colby
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New First Nations water bill changes mention of ‘right’ to clean water access

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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New First Nations water bill changes mention of ‘right’ to clean water access

Alessia Passafiume, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Tuesday, Jul. 7, 2026

OTTAWA - A new First Nations clean water bill set to be introduced by Prime Minister Mark Carney's government changes a provision in a previous bill that would have recognized First Nations have a human right to clean drinking water.

The Canadian Press has obtained a draft of the bill labelled "for consultation until June 11, 2026." It's not clear if any changes were made since the consultation period ended.

Some First Nations leaders had expected the bill to be introduced as early as Monday, but that didn't happen. It's now expected on Tuesday, and Indigenous Services Minister Mandy Gull-Masty is scheduled to hold a news conference.

The House of Commons is expected to rise by Friday for the summer break, which means the legislation likely won't be debated or voted on until the fall.

Read
Tuesday, Jul. 7, 2026
Cameras follow Canada's Ambassador to the United States Mark Wiseman as he arrives at the Standing Committee on Foreign Affairs and International Development on Parliament Hill in Ottawa, Thursday, April 23, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld

‘It’s all going to be OK’: Canada’s U.S. ambassador tries to ease CUSMA anxiety

The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview

‘It’s all going to be OK’: Canada’s U.S. ambassador tries to ease CUSMA anxiety

The Canadian Press 4 minute read Tuesday, Jun. 16, 2026

TORONTO - Canada's ambassador to the United States is trying to lower the temperature around the Canada-U.S.-Mexico agreement with the renewal date for the North American trade pact just a few weeks away.

"Everybody take a deep breath, relax, it's all going to be OK," Ambassador Mark Wiseman told a business crowd in Toronto on Monday.

Wiseman was interviewed by Darryl White, the Bank of Montreal's CEO and a member of the advisory council on Canada-U.S. relations, at the Canadian Club Toronto.

Looming in the background of Monday's talk was the Canada-U.S.-Mexico agreement on trade, better known as CUSMA, which enters a renewal period starting July 1.

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Tuesday, Jun. 16, 2026
The Canadian flag blows on the Peace Tower on Parliament Hill in Ottawa on Tuesday, May 26, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick
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Ottawa introduces privacy bill covering children’s data, right to request deletion

Anja Karadeglija, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Ottawa introduces privacy bill covering children’s data, right to request deletion

Anja Karadeglija, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Tuesday, Jul. 7, 2026

Proposed federal legislation would recognize privacy as a fundamental right of all Canadians and set higher standards for organizations when they manage children's data.

Read
Tuesday, Jul. 7, 2026
JOHN WOODS / FREE PRESS 
                                A participant walks in the June 7 Pride Parade in downtown Winnipeg.

Taking Pride in what’s been built

Editorial 4 minute read Preview

Taking Pride in what’s been built

Editorial 4 minute read Monday, Jun. 15, 2026

Sunday, June 7, was a steamy day but, even without the heat, the heart of Winnipeg glowed with warmth.

That’s because an estimated 15,000 LGBTTQ+ Winnipeggers and allies snaked their way through the city’s downtown arteries — from the Manitoba legislature, along Portage Avenue and to The Forks — as part of the city’s 39th annual Pride Winnipeg parade, a riotously colourful expression and celebration of love and joy.

At The Forks, participants enjoyed drag shows, live music, theatre performances and other activities to mark the culmination of Pride Week, as well as the beginning of what the province of Manitoba now recognizes as Pride Month.

Jim Kane, grand marshal of this year’s parade, said during the pre-parade rally in front of the Legislative Building that Winnipeg and Manitoba have made great strides since 1987, when the first Pride march was held.

Read
Monday, Jun. 15, 2026

Halting social media harm requires national solution

Tom Brodbeck 5 minute read Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026

THE federal Liberal government’s proposed legislation to ban or restrict social media access for children under 16 appears to be a sensible approach to one of the most difficult public policy challenges of the digital age.

Whether Canadians ultimately support a ban, limited restrictions or exemptions for platforms that can demonstrate adequate safeguards, one thing is becoming increasingly clear: if governments are going to regulate children’s access to social media, it makes far more sense to do it at the federal level than through a patchwork of provincial laws.

That’s particularly relevant in Manitoba, where the provincial government has been exploring its own options to restrict social media use among young people.

The intentions are understandable. Parents, educators, health-care professionals and policymakers are becoming increasingly alarmed about the effects social media is having on many children and teenagers.

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Church archivists swamped with requests for docs

John Longhurst 5 minute read Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026

There’s a rule in nature that you can’t only do one thing. If you dam a river to make hydroelectricity, you will impede the fish trying to swim upriver to spawn. If you drain wetlands, flooding usually increases elsewhere. If you remove trees from steep slopes, erosion results.

In December, last year, Canada experienced the truth of that rule in another way. That’s when Parliament passed Bill C-3 to extend citizenship to those born outside of Canada.

The new rules retroactively restore Canadian citizenship to someone who was born outside of Canada before December 15, 2025 and who can prove that an ancestor, such as grandparent or great-grandparent, was a Canadian citizen on or after January 1, 1947.

Called the Act to Amend the Citizenship Act, the bill was designed to fix a problem that arose after an Ontario court ruled the “first-generation limit” on citizenship was unconstitutional.

Jaider Cabarcas
                                Michel Loiselle (au centre), est le capitaine de La Compagnie de La Vérendrye. Sam et Val Vint (sur les côtés) ont conceptualisé une nouvelle oeuvre d’art publique.
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Une nouvelle oeuvre pour raconter l’histoire autrement

Jaider Cabarcas 7 minute read Preview
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Une nouvelle oeuvre pour raconter l’histoire autrement

Jaider Cabarcas 7 minute read Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026

Pendant des décennies, le parc La Vérendrye, situé sur l’avenue Taché, au cœur de Saint-Boniface, a raconté l’histoire de l’explorateur français du même nom à travers une seule statue. La Compagnie de La Vérendrye, un groupe de reconstitution historique, a piloté un projet de conception d’une nouvelle œuvre d’art qui pourrait raconter une autre partie de l’histoire.

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Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026
The Pride flag. (Mike Sudoma/Winnipeg Free Press files)
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Winkler hosts first LGBTTQ+ celebration Saturday

Josiah Neufeld 6 minute read Preview
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Winkler hosts first LGBTTQ+ celebration Saturday

Josiah Neufeld 6 minute read Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

Sebastian Saunders is both excited and nervous about returning to Winkler to tell his story at his hometown’s first Pride event.

To get through his anxiety, he imagines a younger version of himself in the audience. “I’m just imagining that kid being like: ‘Oh, I can be happy and healthy and be myself and find community and be OK,’” he says.

Growing up attending church in Winkler, Saunders internalized a lot of homophobia and transphobia. “I was indoctrinated to believe I was a giant abomination,” he says. At times he thought about taking his own life.

Saunders was diagnosed with cancer when he was 19. The experience forced him to ask himself hard questions. When he finished chemotherapy, he told his family and friends he was queer. “I was ostracized by most of the people around me,” he says.

Read
Friday, Jun. 12, 2026
Alberta Premier Danielle Smith speaks during a news conference in Calgary, Alta., Friday, May 22, 2026.THE CANADIAN PRESS/Jeff McIntosh

Alberta picks university to cost out separation, panel to assess ahead of referendum

Jack Farrell, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Preview

Alberta picks university to cost out separation, panel to assess ahead of referendum

Jack Farrell, The Canadian Press 5 minute read Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026

EDMONTON - Alberta's government said Friday it has picked the University of Calgary to study potential costs of the province leaving Canada.

It has also formed what it calls an expert advisory panel to review the university's report and provide a separate assessment.

The panel is led by economist Jack Mintz, a go-to expert for Alberta governments who has served on several advisory groups and panels in recent decades.

It also features business leaders and former politicians Janice MacKinnon, a Saskatchewan NDP finance minister, and Ted Morton, an Alberta Progressive Conservative finance minister.

Read
Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026
MP for Don Valley West Rob Oliphant stands in the House of Commons on Tuesday, Jan. 27, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld

Ottawa moves to tighten rules barring forced labour products from Canada

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview

Ottawa moves to tighten rules barring forced labour products from Canada

Dylan Robertson, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026

OTTAWA - The federal government tabled a bill Friday to change the way Canada bars imports of products made with forced labour following an American tariff threat.

Foreign Affairs Minister Anita Anand was in Paris with Prime Minister Mark Carney as the legislation was tabled by her parliamentary secretary, Rob Oliphant.

"This will be a made-in-Canada solution to an international problem," Oliphant told reporters on Parliament Hill.

He said the bill would create a public list of products that have been linked to forced labour in specific regions, based on intelligence from embassies and other authorities.

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Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026
Morning sunlight hits the Supreme Court of Canada as the court hears appeals regarding Quebec’s secularism law, Bill 21, in Ottawa on Thursday, March 26, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick
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Supreme Court rules New Brunswick lieutenant-governor must be bilingual

The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Supreme Court rules New Brunswick lieutenant-governor must be bilingual

The Canadian Press 4 minute read Sunday, Jul. 5, 2026

The Supreme Court of Canada has ruled that the lieutenant-governor of New Brunswick must be able to perform their functions in both official languages.

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Sunday, Jul. 5, 2026
Prime Minister Mark Carney, right, shakes hands with French President Emmanuel Macron as they arrive to take part in a meeting on the situation in Ukraine during the 8th European Political Community Summit in Yerevan, Armenia, on Monday, May 4, 2026. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Sean Kilpatrick

Carney announces new intelligence exchange agreement with France

Catherine Morrison, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Preview

Carney announces new intelligence exchange agreement with France

Catherine Morrison, The Canadian Press 6 minute read Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026

PARIS - Canada and France will deepen their defence and industrial co-operation through a new general security of information agreement, Prime Minister Mark Carney said in Paris on Friday.

Carney made the announcement in a joint statement alongside French President Emmanuel Macron, ahead of a bilateral meeting between the two at the Palais de l’Elysée.

“Businesses in both of our countries are doing more together, in energy, defence, critical minerals and now in (artificial intelligence)," Carney said.

"What this means is an ability to exchange classified information between our defence, our space, our AI and our aerospace sectors.”

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Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026
The Associated Press
                                U.S. President Donald Trump.

A tale of two bridges and one president

Editorial 4 minute read Preview

A tale of two bridges and one president

Editorial 4 minute read Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

For truckers, the Ambassador Bridge is the only game in town. The bridge connects Windsor, Ont., with Detroit, Mich., and is one of the busiest border crossings between Canada and the U.S. (Cars can also use the Detroit-Windsor tunnel.)

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Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

Education, reconciliation and Murray Sinclair

Sandy Nemeth 4 minute read Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

"Education got us into this mess and education will get us out of it.” With these familiar and powerful words, the late Justice Murray Sinclair, chair of the Truth and Reconciliation Commission, pointed deliberately and necessarily to education as the key to reconciliation.

The flag of Manitoba flies on Monday, Nov. 1, 2021, in Ottawa. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Adrian Wyld

First Nation in Manitoba declares state of emergency due to drugs, violence

The Canadian Press 2 minute read Preview

First Nation in Manitoba declares state of emergency due to drugs, violence

The Canadian Press 2 minute read Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026

THOMPSON - The chief of a northern Manitoba First Nation says her community is so overwhelmed by drugs and the resulting violence that her members are living in fear.

Sayisi Dene First Nation has declared a state of emergency and is calling on provincial and federal governments for better policing and mental health and addiction supports.

The fly-in community about 325 kilometres north of Thompson sees an RCMP presence about once a month, with two officers travelling there, often for less than a day.

Chief Kelly-Ann Thom‑Duck says recent violence has members scared to visit the band office or grocery store and that previous conversations with RCMP have led "nowhere."

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Saturday, Jun. 13, 2026
MIKE DEAL / FREE PRESS
                                The HBC Royal Charter is 356 years old.
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HBC charter goes on display at Manitoba Museum

Conrad Sweatman 6 minute read Preview
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HBC charter goes on display at Manitoba Museum

Conrad Sweatman 6 minute read Thursday, Jun. 11, 2026

After months of petitions, legal scrutiny and political pressure, the 1670 Hudson’s Bay Company Royal Charter has formally arrived at the Manitoba Museum, marked by a ceremony including many notable Canadian and Indigenous political leaders.

“It’s with a profound sense of gratitude and humility that I stand before you today as we recognize the gifting of the HBC Royal Charter, together with our consortium partners,” said Dorota Blumczynska, CEO of the Manitoba Museum.

“Today marks an opportunity that is not to redefine the past, but to better understand it, and to help us use it to build a more just and inclusive future.”

The 356-year-old document, which not only birthed HBC, but effectively laid a foundation for colonial Canada itself, attracted new controversies in the last year or so. After years of bleeding at the bottom line, HBC announced in March 2025 that it would begin liquidating its stores across the country and selling off its assets to pay off creditors.

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Thursday, Jun. 11, 2026
David Zalubowski / The Associated Press files
                                Tesla’s Canadian subsidiary is seeking to have a judge overturn the Manitoba government’s decision to exclude the automaker from a taxpayer-funded rebate for electric vehicle purchases and leases.

Tesla loses bid for urgent judicial review of Manitoba’s EV rebate

Erik Pindera 3 minute read Preview

Tesla loses bid for urgent judicial review of Manitoba’s EV rebate

Erik Pindera 3 minute read Thursday, Jun. 11, 2026

Tesla’s Canadian subsidiary will have to wait longer for its day in a Manitoba court.

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Thursday, Jun. 11, 2026
A man walks past community mailboxes in the Pointe-Claire neighbourhood of Montreal on Friday, Sept. 26, 2025. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Christinne Muschi

Canada Post moves to convert nearly half a million more homes to community mailboxes

Christopher Reynolds, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Preview

Canada Post moves to convert nearly half a million more homes to community mailboxes

Christopher Reynolds, The Canadian Press 3 minute read Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

Canada Post is rolling out the latest phase of its transition from door-to-door delivery to community mailboxes, selecting more than three dozen communities that will undergo the conversion starting next year.

Spanning seven provinces and 37 communities from Halifax to Victoria, the change will see an additional 485,000 addresses move to a more centralized mode of mail delivery.

Those homes come on top of the 136,000 addresses in 13 communities already selected for conversion late this year or in early 2027.

Switching the four million addresses that still enjoy doorstep delivery to community mailboxes within about five years marks a key pillar in Canada Post's plan to overhaul its business model in the face of declining letter mail and mounting financial losses.

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Friday, Jun. 12, 2026
B.C. Attorney General Niki Sharma responds to questions outside B.C. Supreme Court in Vancouver, on Monday, Nov. 27, 2023. THE CANADIAN PRESS/Darryl Dyck
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Mother of B.C. cyberbullying victim Amanda Todd welcomes federal online safety bill

Marissa Birnie, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview
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Mother of B.C. cyberbullying victim Amanda Todd welcomes federal online safety bill

Marissa Birnie, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026

The mother of a British Columbia teen who died by suicide after being relentlessly tormented by a cyberbully says proposed federal legislation tackling online safety would have helped her daughter and will help save lives.

Carol Todd's daughter Amanda died in 2012 after being sexually exploited by an online predator.

Todd said in an interview on Thursday that the Safe Social Media Act addresses the mental and emotional toll of social media and is an important step toward keeping youth safe online.

It's also something Amanda would have wanted, she said.

Read
Sunday, Jun. 14, 2026
Hudson's Bay is expected to appear at an Ontario court to push for its royal charter to hit the auction block next month. The extinct retailer wants permission for its financial adviser to run a sales process for the document, which established the Bay in 1670. (Sept. 29, 2025)

HBC Royal Charter welcomed in ceremony at Manitoba Museum

Ian Bickis, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Preview

HBC Royal Charter welcomed in ceremony at Manitoba Museum

Ian Bickis, The Canadian Press 4 minute read Friday, Jun. 12, 2026

WINNIPEG - A 356-year-old document that granted the Hudson's Bay Co. control over roughly one-third of Canada is now in public hands.

The HBC Royal Charter was unveiled Thursday at the Manitoba Museum in Winnipeg in a ceremony that was both a celebration of the new life of the document and a reflection on the troubled legacy it created.

"In 1670, a king, sitting across the ocean, claimed authority over our lands," said Ovide Mercredi, former national chief of the Assembly of First Nations.

"Through the so-called right of discovery, vast territories were granted to the Hudson's Bay Co., as if our lands and territories were empty. But our lands were not empty, our nations were here."

Read
Friday, Jun. 12, 2026
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